CÁCH DÙNG FOR
Chúng ta sử dụng For khi chúng ta đo lường thời gian - khi chúng ta nói rằng một cái gì đó kéo dài bao lâu.
For + khoảng thời gian.
Để đo thời gian cho đến hiện tại, chúng ta sử dụng thì thì hiện tại hoàn thành chứ không hiện tại đơn.
I have known her for a long time. (Correct)
I know her for a long time. (Incorrect)
I have lived here for ten years. (Correct)
I live here for ten years. (Incorrect)
Thì hiện tại đơn dùng với For đề cập đến một khoảng thời gian kéo dài trong tương lai.
How long are you here for? (Until when)
How long have you been here for? (Since when)
In reality, we can use all verb tenses with For.
Thực tế, chúng ta có thể dùng động từ ở các thì với For.
Ví dụ mẫu |
Thì |
They exercise for two hours every day. |
Hiện tại đơn |
They are exercising for three hours today. |
Hiện tại tiếp diễn |
He has lived in Moscow for a long time.
|
Hiện tại hoàn thành |
He has been living in Turin for three months.
|
Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
I worked at the service station for five years.
|
Quá khứ đơn |
He will be in hospital for at least a week.
|
Tương lai đơn |
Tuy nhiên, chúng ta không sử dụng “for” với sự diễn tả như “ all day” hoặc “ all the time”
I was there all day. (Correct)
I was there for all day. (Incorrect)
CÁCH DÙNG SINCE
SINCE chỉ ra điểm xuất phát của hành động, sự kiện hoặc trạng thái. Nó đề cập đến khi mọi thứ bắt đầu.
Since + 1 thời điểm thời gian (in the past), until now.
I've been waiting since 7 o'clock.
I have known him since January.
Since được dùng trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành.
I have been here since 5 o'clock and I am getting tired.
I had been working since 5 o'clock and I was getting tired.
Since có thể được dùng trong cấu trúc : It has been + khoảng thời gian + since
It has been two months since I last saw her.
It has been three years since the last earthquake.
EXERCISES
Complete the sentences with FOR or SINCE !
1.John's parents have been living in Germany ___ a long time.
2.The cat hasn't eaten anything ___ yesterday.
3.Kim and Joey have been friends ___ three years.
4.Miss Thomas has taught at my school ___ 1975.
5.Guy has known Joanna ___ they were at primary school.
6.Have you seen her ___ she got married ?
7.I haven't heard from my pen pal ___ a long time.
8.Halina has played the saxophone ___ she was 12.
9.It has rained without interruption ___ three days.
10.He's written to her every day ___ she left.
11.You haven't emptied the rubbish bin ___ last week.
12.She has kept the secret ___ thirty years.
13.I've thought about you every day ___ we met.
14.You've slept ___ ten hours.
15.Have you spoken to each other ___ you had the argument?
16.Hi ! I Haven't seen you ___ ages.
17.How many times have you been late ___ the beginning of the term?
18.We haven't played basketball ___ they closed the gym for repairs.
19.I haven't had a cold ___ years.
20.I haven't bought a new CD ___ months.
ANSWERS !
1.For
2.Since
3.For
4.Since
5.Since
6.Since
7.For
8.Since
9.For
10. Since
11. Since
12. For
13. Since
14. For
15. Since
16. For
17. Since
18. Since
19. For
20. For